Approach to Children with Anaemia

Approach to Children with Anaemia

Child with Anaemia

  • History
  • Physical Examination
  • Preliminary Investigations:
    • Hb, Haematocrit,
    • Red cell indices, Blood film
    • Reticulocyte count,

Presence of Hepatosplenomegaly?

YES
NO

Differential Diagnosis (YES)

  • Malignancies
    • Leukaemia, lymphoma
  • Chronic haemolytic anaemias:
    • Thalassaemia
    • Hereditary spherocytosis
    • Hereditary elliptocytosis
  • Chronic infections
    • Tuberculosis
  • Malaria

Differential Diagnosis (NO)

  • Acute blood loss
  • Iron deficiency anaemia
  • Acute haemolysis:
    • G6PD deficiency
    • AIHA
    • ABO incompatibility
    • Drug induced
  • Marrow failure syndromes
    • Fanconi anaemia
    • Pure Red Cell Aplasia / Diamond Blackfan syndrome
  • Others
    • Hypothyroidism
    • Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)